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Convention on Biological Diversity

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was adopted at the Earth Summit in 1992 and has been ratified by all  33 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. The CBD's goal is to conserve biological diversity through the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. The Convention recognizes the critical role of women in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and affirms the need for full participation of women, at all levels, in the formulation and implementation of biodiversity conservation policies

Countries

CountryRatification/accession

09/03/1993

22/11/1994

02/09/1993

10/12/1993

30/12/1993

03/10/1994

28/02/1994

09/09/1994

28/11/1994

26/08/1994

08/03/1994

06/04/1994

25/11/1996

23/02/1993

08/09/1994

11/08/1994

10/07/1995

29/08/1994

25/09/1996

31/07/1995

06/01/1995

11/03/1993

20/11/1995

17/01/1995

24/02/1994

07/06/1993

07/01/1993

28/07/1993

03/06/1996

12/01/1996

01/08/1996

05/11/1993

13/09/1994

Highlights

Participation of women in the formulation of policies / Gender (Preamble)

The vital role that women play in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity is recognized and the need for the full participation of women at all levels of policy-making and implementation for biological diversity conservation is affirmed.

Participation and Indigenous Peoples (article 8j)

Subject to its national legislation, each Contracting Party shall respect, preserve and maintain  knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices.

Environmental education (articles 12a, 13)

The Contracting Parties, shall establish and maintain programmes for scientific and technical education and training in measures for the identification, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and its components and provide support for such education and training for the specific needs of developing countries. Parties shall also promote and encourage understanding of the importance of, and the measures required for, the conservation of biological diversity, as well as its propagation through media, and the inclusion of these topics in educational programmes. They shall cooperate, as appropriate, with other States and international organizations in developing educational and public awareness programmes, with respect to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

Participation and project evaluation (article 14a)

Each Contracting Party as far as possible and as appropriate, shall introduce appropriate procedures requiring environmental impact assessment of its proposed projects that are likely to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity with a view to avoiding or minimizing such effects and, where appropriate, allow for public participation in such procedures.

Cross-border information (article 14 c-d)

Each Contracting Party shall promote, on the basis of reciprocity, notification, exchange of information and consultation on activities under their jurisdiction or control which are likely to significantly affect adversely the biological diversity of other States or areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, by encouraging the conclusion of bilateral, regional or multilateral arrangements, as appropriate; in the case of imminent or grave danger or damage, originating under its jurisdiction or control, to biological diversity within the area under jurisdiction of other States or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, notify immediately the potentially affected States of such danger or damage, as well as initiate action to prevent or minimize such danger or damage.

Prior Informed Consent (articles 15.5, 19.3)

Access to genetic resources shall be subject to prior informed consent of the Contracting Party providing such resources, unless otherwise determined by that Party.

Each Contracting Party shall consider the need for and modalities of a protocol setting out appropriate procedures, including, in particular, advance informed agreement, in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of any living modified organism resulting from biotechnology that may have adverse effect on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

 

 

Information exchange (article 17.1)

The Contracting Parties shall facilitate the exchange of information, from all publicly available sources, relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking into account the special needs of developing countries.

Information regarding living modified organisms (article 19.4)

Each Contracting Party shall, directly or by requiring any natural or legal person under its jurisdiction providing living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology, provide any available information about the use and safety regulations required by that Contracting Party in handling such organisms, as well as any available information on the potential adverse impact of the specific organisms concerned to the Contracting Party into which those organisms are to be introduced.